Google’s new Pixel 3 phones have a “Titan M” security chip. Apple has something similar with its “Secure Enclave” on iPhones. Samsung’s Galaxy phones and other Android phones often use ARM’s TrustZone technology. Here’s how they help protect your phone.
The Basics
These chips are basically separate little computers inside your phone. They have different processors and memory, and they run their own tiny operating systems.
Your phone’s regular operating system and the applications running on it can’t see inside the secure area. This protects the secure area from tampering and lets the secure area do a variety of useful things.
It’s a Separate Processor
The Secure Enclave is part of Apple’s A-series system-on-a-chip hardware.
All these chips work in slightly different ways. In Google’s new Pixel phones, Titan M is an actual physical chip that’s separate from the phone’s normal CPU.
With Apple’s Secure Enclave and ARM’s TrustZone, the Secure Enclave or TrustZone is not technically a different “chip.” Instead, it’s a separate, isolated processor built into the device’s main system-on-a-chip. While it’s built-in, it still has a separate processor and area of memory. Think of it as a chip inside the main chip.
Either way—whether it’s Titan M, Secure Enclave, or TrustZone—the chip is a separate “coprocessor.” It has its own special area of memory and runs its own operating system. It’s completely isolated from everything else.
In other words, even if your entire Android or iOS operating system was compromised by malware and that malware had access to everything, it wouldn’t be able to access the contents of the secure area.
RELATED: What Is Apple’s “Secure Enclave”, And How Does It Protect My iPhone or Mac?
How It Protects Your Phone
Apple’s Secure Enclave holds the keys to your Face ID biometric data.
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